西部大开发的若干问题思考

西部大开发是中华民族复兴史上一个重要的步骤,需要经过几代人持续不断的艰苦奋斗。如何认识和理解西部大开发中一系列重大问题,直接关系到西部大开发战略决策的布署和相关政策措施的制定。作者通过认真总结借鉴国内外开发欠发达地区的经验教训,阐述了对西部大开发若干问题的进一步深入分析思考,以免由于认识上的误区对西部大开发实践产生消极影响,进而扎扎实实地谱写出西部大开发这项世纪工程的成功篇章。     

中国粮食生产区域特征与成因研究——市场化改革以来的实证分析

中国各省区粮食产量占全国粮食总产的比例的动态计算和统计分析表明 ,市场化改革以来 ,中国粮食生产具有稳定的区域变化特征。计量检验显示 ,农村人均耕地资源与非农产业就业拉力是中国粮食生产区域特征的重要影响因素。本研究提示 ,中国粮食生产区域特征具有持久性 ,它对区域粮食政策和省区际粮食贸易将产生深远影响。     

Water in the desert? The influence of Wilhelm Röpke on Ludwig Erhard and the social market economy

It is commonly believed that Wilhelm Röpke heavily influenced Ludwig Erhard and, through him, West Germany’s social market economy. This article demonstrates that Röpke’s influence on Erhard was limited. Although the two men shared many common ideals, they also differed on many fundamental issues. Moreover, Erhard developed his ideas before he read Röpke’s wartime trilogy.     

An Examination of the Interaction Between Modelling and Its Relationship with Construction Kits: Lessons from the Past and for the Future

Construction kits have played a significant part in nurturing the growth and development of the minds and manipulation-based skills of children (and adults) in formal and non-formal education settings. These kits have origins rooted in the representation of the built world and now have a diversity of form and function, including technical versions with moving parts. This article examines some of the historically based ideas that lie behind the role that kits may have in terms of physical modelling. The article traces the transformation of kits from simple bricks and blocks into more complicated pieces for space-filling and achieving the transfer of forces and motion. This transformation occurred during the Victorian era when the influence of the ideas of educationalists and, perhaps rather strangely, exponents of early aviation, played major roles in determining the diversity of forms of construction kit and modelled possibilities that are now to be seen in classrooms and homes. The article ends with a review of some of the lessons from the past and present that will need to be considered in relation to concrete modelling in schools for the future. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Spillovers from foreign direct investment and firm growth: technological,financial and market structure effects

This article examines spillover effects from inward investment on domestic firm growth in the case of a developed host country. The emphasis is placed on the role of the technological gap between domestic and foreign firms in identifying the importance of technology diffusion from the presence of multinationals. An augmented production function is employed to account for technological, financial and market structure effects. Based on a sample of 2589 manufacturing firms operating in Greece between 1992 and 1997, the analysis provides evidence that the significance of spillovers varies with the relative technological position of domestic firms and is higher in the middle and upper quantiles of the growth distribution. It was estimated that a unit increase in the foreign presence in Greek industry raises output growth by 7% on average, in a five‐year period, after controlling for technological differences among firms. This result is consistent with the ‘absorptive capacity’ hypothesis that the technological capability of the host country relates positively to FDI spillover benefits.     

基于量子粒子群优化的油气资源经济可持续发展评价

在构建油气资源经济可持续发展能力评价指标体系的基础上,提出了一种基于量子粒子群优化的神经网络评价方法。该方法用三层前馈神经网络建立评价指标和评价结果之间的非线性映射关系,用量子粒子群算法优化神经网络权值完成网络训练。以中国2001—2005年的油气资源经济可持续发展评价为例,验证了方法的有效性和可行性。     

Gestaltung der Abschlussprüferhaftung – Implikationen theoretischer Modelle

Business scandals such as Enron, WorldCom or Parmalat have sparked intense discussions on the quality of corporate governance as well as the trustworthiness of statutory auditors. It is therefore no surprise that regulators have issued a large number of new regulations concerning auditing. The civil liability of external auditors has not changed in Germany, but such changes have already been announced by the German government. An increase in the existing liability cap in cases of negligent misconduct and extended third-party liability are planned. As a consequence, the results of analytical research on this topic are highly relevant. This paper summarises and comments on prior analytical research, in particular its assumptions and results, and focuses on important elements for the design of a liability regime. To this end, the paper addresses the questions of joint–and-several vs. proportionate liability rules, negligent vs. strict liability regimes, the extent of third party liability, and limited vs. unlimited liability.     

瓦尔拉斯新古典一般均衡体系质疑

通过对瓦尔拉斯一般均衡体系由简单的生产交换经济到扩大的包含资本形成方程在内的经济体系的分析,指出一直标榜为现代主流新古典理论支柱之一的瓦尔拉斯一般均衡体系内部存在着一系列逻辑矛盾,从而表明它描述的只是一种差别利息率下的实物经济一般均衡,而并不是现实资本主义经济关系下为获取统一利润率竞争的货币经济均衡。     

半导体激光器强度调制特性的谐波分析

本文研究了已调半导体激光器(LD)的谐波产生的原因,以及抑制谐波的方法.     

流水工序调度与生产效率的关系模型分析

提出一种基于粒子群算法的流水工序调度任务优化模型。利用流水工序调度任务的特点得到流水工序时间约束条件,利用粒子群算法的原理建立流水工序调度任务优化模型,利用粒子群算法对模型进行求解。仿真实验表明,利用该算法能够得到流水工序调度问题的最优解,提高生产效率。